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Lasgaard i in. (online 2025; American Psychologist 2026, 81(1), 36–52)
The review suggests that targeted interventions can reduce loneliness. However, the authors rated the certainty of evidence as low or very low.
The result does not establish KinoLemon’s effectiveness or a percentage reduction in loneliness.
Read the source Context and reading scope Original title: Are Loneliness Interventions Effective for Reducing Loneliness? A Meta-Analytic Review of 280 Studies
280 studies; cited result from 122 RCTs: SMD −0.50 (95% CI −0.60 to −0.39), up to 4 weeks after intervention. Online 2025, issue 2026.
PubMed abstract and metadata, plus the indexed publisher abstract; full risk-of-bias tables and supplements were not reviewed.
Checked: 2026-09-27 · DOI: 10.1037/amp0001578
China Longitudinal Aging Social Survey
The study describes links between loneliness, material circumstances, health and participation. It uses a Chinese version of the short UCLA scale.
Observational evidence: association does not establish causation or intervention effectiveness.
Read the source Context and reading scope Original title: Prevalence and risk factors of loneliness among older adults in China: a nationally representative study
9,951 people aged 60+; CLASS 2018. Publication in 2026 does not mean measurement in 2026.
Abstract and metadata read; full text not audited.
Checked: 2026-09-27
Cabinet Office, Japan
The plan organises government action on loneliness and isolation. It illustrates coordination across policies and institutions.
The document sets a policy direction; it does not establish effectiveness or completion of every action.
Read the source Context and reading scope Original title: 孤独・孤立対策重点計画
Plan adopted in 2024, amended 10 July 2026; Japanese introductory page reviewed.
Institutional description and available source sections read; attachments not fully audited.
Checked: 2026-09-27
Seoul Metropolitan Government
The city outlines services, meeting spaces and ways to reach isolated residents. It illustrates a city-level response to loneliness.
The document sets a policy direction; it does not establish effectiveness or completion of every action.
Read the source Context and reading scope Original title: Seoul, No More Loneliness Initiative Season 2
12 February 2026 announcement of the second phase of an initiative launched in 2024.
Institutional description and available source sections read; attachments not fully audited.
Checked: 2026-09-27
Ventilen / Call me / Norstat
The report compares loneliness with access to close relationships. It also asks whether young people would like more friends.
Survey panel; findings are not an evaluation of Ventilen’s programme.
Read the source Context and reading scope Original title: 1 ud af 6 unge føler sig svært ensom
Norstat, February 2025; ages 15–30, three-item loneliness scale. Selected tables reviewed.
Institutional description and available source sections read; attachments not fully audited.
Checked: 2026-09-27
Related materials: Ventilen
Hansen i in. (2025), Internet Interventions 41, 100856
Some digital psychological programmes and group activities showed promise. Digital contact alone did not deliver consistent benefits.
Heterogeneous interventions and risk of bias; trial categories overlap.
Read the source Context and reading scope Original title: Digital bridges to social connection: A systematic review and meta-analysis of digital interventions for loneliness and social isolation
40 RCTs, 6,062 participants; 36 loneliness and 8 isolation studies, with overlap. Few long-term follow-ups.
PMC full text: abstract, sample characteristics, discussion and conclusions; no reanalysis of the 40 trials.
Checked: 2026-09-27 · DOI: 10.1016/j.invent.2025.100856
WHO
The report gathers evidence on loneliness, isolation and the social importance of relationships. It links diagnosis with action for individuals, communities and institutions.
Global estimates do not automatically describe a particular country or product’s users.
Read the source Context and reading scope Original title: From loneliness to social connection: charting a path to healthier societies
WHO commission report, 2025; the global loneliness estimate uses data from 2014–2023.
Institutional description and available source sections read; attachments not fully audited.
Checked: 2026-09-27
Vazquez Alvarez, Mirza, Das-Munshi i Oswald (online 2024; Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology 2025, 60, 549–562)
Social connection programmes showed some benefits, but the pooled loneliness result was not statistically significant. Social connection and loneliness need separate measures.
Mostly students and few studies. The review also includes Nod; do not add their samples.
Read the source Context and reading scope OECD
The report compares the quantity and quality of contact and availability of support. Frequent encounters do not always imply satisfying relationships.
Indicators cover different countries and periods; this is not one worldwide survey.
Read the source Context and reading scope Original title: Social Connections and Loneliness in OECD Countries
Synthesis of official surveys, including EU-LS 2022 and Gallup 2022–2023; published 2025.
Institutional description and available source sections read; attachments not fully audited.
Checked: 2026-09-27
Folkhälsomyndigheten
The national strategy links loneliness prevention with conditions for community and belonging. It is a reference for institutions planning population-level action.
The document sets a policy direction; it does not establish effectiveness or completion of every action.
Read the source Context and reading scope Original title: Standing together – A national strategy to tackle loneliness
2025–2029 horizon; public health agency’s English edition description.
Institutional description and available source sections read; attachments not fully audited.
Checked: 2026-09-27
Rickard, Lewis, Ballantyne i Dingle (2025), Musicae Scientiae 29(4), 595–623
Live music events can create a sense of community and opportunities for contact. The review examines audiences’ social experiences.
Feeling connected at a concert does not establish a lasting reduction in loneliness.
Read the source Context and reading scope Original title: The unifying power of live music events: A systematic review of social outcomes for audience members
59 studies in 56 publications; literature from 1990–2023. Mixed methods, predominantly Western settings.
PDF: abstract, methods and thematic synthesis; the 59 studies were not independently reviewed.
Checked: 2026-09-27 · DOI: 10.1177/10298649251349703
China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study
The authors describe later-life loneliness and estimate expected years lived with loneliness. They compare gender and urban or rural residence.
Modelled years are neither individual predictions nor direct observations of complete lifetimes.
Read the source Context and reading scope Original title: Toward a National Profile of Loneliness in Old-Age China: Prevalence and Lonely Life Expectancy
CHARLS 2011–2018, 25,563 participants, age 55+ analysis and Sullivan-method modelling.
Abstract and metadata read; full text not audited.
Checked: 2026-09-27
Kompetenznetz Einsamkeit / ISS / BMFSFJ
The barometer tracks loneliness and social inequalities using Germany’s SOEP panel. It shows changes spanning the pandemic.
Institutional results and appendix consulted; the main report was previously unavailable. Scale thresholds matter.
Read the source Context and reading scope Original title: Einsamkeitsbarometer 2024
2024 report, including SOEP waves 2017, 2020 and 2021; not measurement in 2024.
Institutional description and available source sections read; attachments not fully audited.
Checked: 2026-09-27
Razak M. Gyasi et al. / The Journal of Nutrition, Health & Aging
The study examines links between food insecurity and loneliness. It broadens the perspective to material living conditions.
Observational evidence: association does not establish causation or intervention effectiveness.
Read the source Context and reading scope Original title: Cross-sectional association of food insecurity with loneliness in older adults: The role of sex, age, and psychosomatic factors
Cross-sectional analysis of older adults in Ghana, considering age and sex.
Abstract and metadata read; full text not audited.
Checked: 2026-09-27 · DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100328
Lisa M. Warner et al.
The trial examines how providing telephone support affects older volunteers themselves. It extends the question about benefits beyond recipients of support.
This paper concerns volunteers; its findings should not be attributed to call recipients.
Read the source Context and reading scope Original title: Effects of volunteering over six months on loneliness, social and mental health outcomes among older adults: The HEAL-HOA Dual Randomized Controlled Trial
HEAL-HOA randomised trial; volunteer role, 6-month follow-up in the pandemic context.
Abstract and metadata read; full text not audited.
Checked: 2026-09-27 · DOI: 10.1016/j.jagp.2023.12.022
CBOS
The bulletin describes loneliness among adults in Poland. It examines age and life circumstances and compares results with 2017.
The question differs from scales in other studies; do not turn it into a simple country ranking.
Read the source Context and reading scope Original title: Kto jest najbardziej narażony na samotność? Komunikat 115/2024
939 people; PESEL probability sample, CAPI/CATI/CAWI, 14–25 August 2024.
Institutional description and available source sections read; attachments not fully audited.
Checked: 2026-09-27
Fundación ONCE / Fundación AXA; Fresno
The barometer describes unwanted loneliness, its duration and differences between groups. It informs social action in Spain.
The measure differs from CBOS and EU-LS. Exact fieldwork dates were not established.
Read the source Context and reading scope Original title: Barómetro de la soledad no deseada en España 2024
2,900 people aged 18+, CATI, 2024 wave; regional oversamples and weighting.
Institutional description and available source sections read; attachments not fully audited.
Checked: 2026-09-26
ELSI-Brazil / ELSA
Loneliness and healthy ageing indicators are compared across two countries. The analysis considers differences between women and men.
Observational evidence: association does not establish causation or intervention effectiveness.
Read the source Context and reading scope Original title: The relationship between loneliness and healthy aging indicators in Brazil (ELSI-Brazil) and England (ELSA): sex differences
Cross-sectional: Brazil 2019–2021 (6,929), England 2018–2019 (5,902), age 60+.
Abstract and metadata read; full text not audited.
Checked: 2026-09-27 · DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2023.01.005
ELSI-Brasil / Cad. Saúde Pública
The analysis links loneliness to social circumstances, health and sleep. It adds evidence beyond Europe and the United States.
Observational evidence: association does not establish causation or intervention effectiveness.
Read the source Context and reading scope Original title: Solidão e sua associação com indicadores sociodemográficos e de saúde em adultos e idosos brasileiros: ELSI-Brasil
7,957 participants; ELSI baseline 2015–2016, question on loneliness frequency.
Abstract and metadata read; full text not audited.
Checked: 2026-09-27
Bundesregierung / BMBFSFJ
The strategy introduces a cross-cutting approach to loneliness in Germany. It connects action across government departments.
The document sets a policy direction; it does not establish effectiveness or completion of every action.
Read the source Context and reading scope Original title: Strategie der Bundesregierung gegen Einsamkeit
Published 13 December 2023; official strategy description.
Institutional description and available source sections read; attachments not fully audited.
Checked: 2026-09-27
Priya Srivastava; Manushi Srivastava
The analysis describes loneliness among older Indians and its links with family, health and social contact. It highlights the importance of local context.
Observational evidence: association does not establish causation or intervention effectiveness.
Read the source Context and reading scope Original title: Prevalence and correlates of loneliness in the later life-insights from Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI) Wave-1
30,394 people aged 60+; LASI 2017–2018, single question about frequent loneliness.
Abstract and metadata read; full text not audited.
Checked: 2026-09-27 · DOI: 10.4103/indianjpsychiatry.indianjpsychiatry_594_22
European Commission / JRC
The first EU-wide survey examines loneliness, relationships and major life events. It provides a shared reference point for EU countries.
The EU27 online panel is not a probability sample; the separate EU4 sample uses another design.
Read the source Context and reading scope Original title: Loneliness and social connectedness: insights from a new EU-wide survey
EU-LS 2022; EU27: 25,646 people aged 16+, referring to the previous 4 weeks.
Institutional description and available source sections read; attachments not fully audited.
Checked: 2026-09-27
DCMS
The rapid systematic review gathers evidence from different interventions. It highlights evaluation quality and the importance of matching activities to participants.
Diverse evaluation methods limit confidence about what works.
Read the source Context and reading scope Original title: Loneliness interventions across the life-course: executive summary
Executive summary reviewed; not an audit of every included study.
Institutional description and available source sections read; attachments not fully audited.
Checked: 2026-09-27
U.S. Surgeon General / HHS
The advisory explains the importance of relationships and offers an action framework for institutions and communities. It covers social infrastructure, healthcare, digital environments and research.
Recommendations and evidence synthesis are not an evaluation of one implemented programme.
Read the source Context and reading scope Original title: Our Epidemic of Loneliness and Isolation
2023 advisory; contents and six-pillar framework reviewed.
Institutional description and available source sections read; attachments not fully audited.
Checked: 2026-09-27
Ending Loneliness Together
The report examines loneliness, contact with family, friends and neighbours, and barriers to discussing the issue. People living with others can also feel lonely.
Survey findings do not establish causes or the effectiveness of proposed action.
Read the source Context and reading scope Original title: State of the Nation Report: Social Connection in Australia 2023
More than 4,000 adults; June–July 2023. Report sections and authors’ announcement reviewed.
Institutional description and available source sections read; attachments not fully audited.
Checked: 2026-09-27
Aging & Mental Health
The analysis connects loneliness with older adults’ physical functioning. It considers the role of perceived health.
Observational evidence: association does not establish causation or intervention effectiveness.
Read the source Context and reading scope Original title: Loneliness and physical function impairment: Perceived health status as an effect modifier in community-dwelling older adults in Ghana
Community-dwelling older adults; association and effect-modification analysis.
Abstract and metadata read; full text not audited.
Checked: 2026-09-27
Cruwys i in. (2022), British Journal of Psychiatry 220(3), 140–147
Loneliness declined in both Groups 4 Health and group cognitive–behavioural therapy. The trial illustrates the value of active comparison and longer follow-up.
No demonstrated G4H superiority for loneliness at 12 months; clinical population.
Read the source Context and reading scope Original title: Groups 4 Health versus cognitive–behavioural therapy for depression and loneliness in young people: randomised phase 3 non-inferiority trial with 12-month follow-up
174 people aged 15–25; 5 sessions in each arm, 12-month follow-up. Non-inferiority criterion concerned depression.
Publisher PDF: design, results, table and limitations.
Checked: 2026-09-27 · DOI: 10.1192/bjp.2021.128
DCMS Loneliness Evidence Group
Experts organise questions about the causes of loneliness and ways to address it. The resource helps plan research that builds on existing evidence.
This is an expert overview, not a systematic review. DCMS policy concerns England.
Read the source Context and reading scope Original title: Tackling loneliness evidence review
2022 report; evidence-gap tables updated in March 2023.
Institutional description and available source sections read; attachments not fully audited.
Checked: 2026-09-27
Surkalim et al. / BMJ
The review brings together loneliness estimates across countries and age groups. It also reveals uneven global coverage by available research.
Different measures and study periods limit direct country rankings.
Read the source Context and reading scope Original title: The prevalence of loneliness across 113 countries: systematic review and meta-analysis
Systematic review and meta-analysis published in 2022.
Abstract and metadata read; full text not audited.
Checked: 2026-09-27 · DOI: 10.1136/bmj-2021-067068
Ajuntament de Barcelona
The service combines an app with neighbourhood and interest groups. Professionals support contact and meetings both online and offline.
The operator’s description documents the model, not independent evidence of reduced loneliness.
Read the source Context and reading scope Original title: Vincles BCN
City description from 2022; it documents that model, not current availability or lasting effects.
Operator’s website or programme description reviewed.
Checked: 2026-09-27
Twenge et al.
School loneliness increased in many countries. The authors compare these changes with broader social and technological trends.
Correlations between trends do not establish that smartphones caused increased loneliness.
Read the source Context and reading scope Original title: Worldwide increases in adolescent loneliness
PISA 2000–2018, 1,049,784 students aged 15–16 in 37 countries.
Abstract and metadata read; full text not audited.
Checked: 2026-09-27
ELSI COVID-19
The study examines loneliness and reduced contact during the pandemic. It helps separate subjective experience from changes in social networks.
Observational evidence: association does not establish causation or intervention effectiveness.
Read the source Context and reading scope Original title: Loneliness and social disconnectedness in the time of pandemic period among Brazilians: evidence from the ELSI COVID-19 initiative
4,431 ELSI participants aged 50+; pre-pandemic and pandemic context.
Abstract and metadata read; full text not audited.
Checked: 2026-09-27
Kahlon i in. (2021), JAMA Psychiatry 78(6), 616–622
Regular empathy-focused telephone calls improved one loneliness measure. The other scale did not provide a clear result.
Results depended on the measure; short pandemic follow-up limits conclusions about durability.
Read the source Context and reading scope Original title: Effect of Layperson-Delivered, Empathy-Focused Program of Telephone Calls on Loneliness, Depression, and Anxiety Among Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Randomized Clinical Trial
RCT: 240 Meals on Wheels clients, 4 weeks of calls versus no programme.
Publication abstract and PubMed metadata; the full protocol and supplements were not audited.
Checked: 2026-09-27 · DOI: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2021.0113
Emmanuel A. Asante, Kofi Awuviry-Newton, Kwamina Abekah-Carter
The study explores older Jamestown residents’ experiences during the pandemic. It shows how restrictions changed everyday support networks.
Local pandemic context; not a measurement of Ghana’s entire population.
Read the source Context and reading scope Original title: Social Networks in Limbo. The Experiences of Older Adults During COVID-19 in Ghana
Interviews with 15 Jamestown residents aged 60+ in Accra, conducted in April 2021. Purposive recruitment, not a representative Ghanaian sample.
Published PDF in the authors’ repository: abstract and methods; no complete audit of the qualitative analysis.
Checked: 2026-09-27 · DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.772933
Fang Yang; Danan Gu
The study followed the onset of loneliness among previously non-lonely adults. Some predictors differed between women and men.
Observational evidence: association does not establish causation or intervention effectiveness.
Read the source Context and reading scope Original title: Predictors of loneliness incidence in Chinese older adults from a life course perspective: a national longitudinal study
5,043 people aged 65+; CLHLS waves 2008 and 2011; online 2019.
Abstract and metadata read; full text not audited.
Checked: 2026-09-27 · DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2018.1558174
Bruehlman-Senecal i in. (2020), JMIR Mental Health 7(10), e21496
Nod offered social challenges and reflection on interactions. After four weeks, the trial found no overall reduction in loneliness relative to the control group.
One university and short follow-up; subgroup findings do not replace the overall result.
Read the source Context and reading scope National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
This expert report frames older adults’ isolation and loneliness as healthcare challenges. It helps organise identification and possible institutional responses.
US healthcare setting; recommendations require adaptation to local conditions.
Read the source Context and reading scope Original title: Social Isolation and Loneliness in Older Adults: Opportunities for the Health Care System
Consensus Study Report, 2020; publisher description, without a complete chapter audit.
Institutional description and available source sections read; attachments not fully audited.
Checked: 2026-09-27
Scottish Government
The strategy distinguishes isolation from loneliness and emphasises cross-sector collaboration. It covers different ages and life circumstances.
The document sets a policy direction; it does not establish effectiveness or completion of every action.
Read the source Context and reading scope Original title: A Connected Scotland
Published 18 December 2018; executive summary reviewed.
Institutional description and available source sections read; attachments not fully audited.
Checked: 2026-09-27
UK Government / DCMS
The strategy proposes a shared government and societal response to loneliness. It is a historical reference point for policy development in England.
The document sets a policy direction; it does not establish effectiveness or completion of every action.
Read the source Context and reading scope Original title: A connected society: a strategy for tackling loneliness
Published 15 October 2018; document description reviewed.
Institutional description and available source sections read; attachments not fully audited.
Checked: 2026-09-27
Holt-Lunstad et al.
The meta-analysis links loneliness, isolation and living alone with premature mortality. It analyses these three concepts separately.
Observational evidence: association does not establish causation or intervention effectiveness.
Read the source Context and reading scope Original title: Loneliness and social isolation as risk factors for mortality: a meta-analytic review
Literature from 1980–2014; synthesis of observational studies adjusting for some confounders.
Abstract and metadata read; full text not audited.
Checked: 2026-09-27 · DOI: 10.1177/1745691614568352
Tarr, Launay, Cohen i Dunbar (2015), Biology Letters 11(10), 20150767
Synchronised movement and exertion during dance were associated with stronger group bonding. This examines a possible mechanism of shared experience.
Immediate post-activity measures; neither lasting loneliness change nor endorphin levels were measured.
Read the source Context and reading scope Original title: Synchrony and exertion during dance independently raise pain threshold and encourage social bonding
Factorial experiment, 264 young people; synchrony and exertion manipulated.
Indexed results and discussion, plus a university release; the complete methods section was not read.
Checked: 2026-09-27 · DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2015.0767
Christopher M. Masi et al.
The meta-analysis compares approaches to reducing loneliness. Weaker study designs produced larger estimated effects than randomised comparisons.
Historical review; it does not establish a current effectiveness ranking for all programmes.
Read the source Context and reading scope Original title: A meta-analysis of interventions to reduce loneliness
Synthesis of interventions addressing skills, support, contact opportunities and social cognition.
Abstract and metadata read; full text not audited.
Checked: 2026-09-27 · DOI: 10.1177/1088868310377394
Mary Elizabeth Hughes et al.
The three-item instrument was developed for large telephone surveys. The authors show that loneliness and objective isolation are related but distinct.
The short scale does not measure every aspect of relationships; language adaptations need checking.
Read the source Context and reading scope Original title: A Short Scale for Measuring Loneliness in Large Surveys: Results From Two Population-Based Studies
Two population-based studies; comparison of a subjective measure with isolation measures.
Abstract and metadata read; full text not audited.
Checked: 2026-09-27 · DOI: 10.1177/0164027504268574
Journal of Cross-Cultural Gerontology
Older people described loneliness despite taking part in social life. Being listened to and having their experience valued mattered to them.
Local lived experience, not a representative estimate of loneliness prevalence.
Read the source Context and reading scope Original title: “They don’t come to listen”: the experience of loneliness among older people in Kwahu, Ghana
Anthropological study in a rural Kwahu community.
Abstract and metadata read; full text not audited.
Checked: 2026-09-27 · DOI: 10.1023/B:JCCG.0000027846.67305.f0
Daniel W. Russell
The paper evaluates version 3 of the UCLA scale. It helps explain how measuring loneliness differs from simply counting contacts.
Validation in particular samples does not validate every translation or provide self-diagnosis.
Read the source Context and reading scope Original title: UCLA Loneliness Scale (Version 3): reliability, validity, and factor structure
Reliability and validity analyses in samples of students, nurses, teachers and older adults.
Abstract and metadata read; full text not audited.
Checked: 2026-09-27 · DOI: 10.1207/s15327752jpa6601_2
Agency for Integrated Care
Centres combine group activities, volunteering, visits and information about support. They provide local meeting places for older residents.
The operator’s description documents the model, not independent evidence of reduced loneliness.
Read the source Context and reading scope Original title: Active Ageing Centres
Citizens and permanent residents aged 60+; services vary between centres.
Operator’s website or programme description reviewed.
Checked: 2026-09-27
Age Concern New Zealand
Volunteers visit older people and spend time together. Matching considers interests, and the organisation follows up on the relationship.
The operator’s description documents the model, not independent evidence of reduced loneliness.
Read the source Context and reading scope Original title: Age Concern Visiting Service
Usually around one hour a week; people around age 65 and older.
Operator’s website or programme description reviewed.
Checked: 2026-09-27
Age UK
An older person is matched with a volunteer for regular calls. A recurring schedule creates opportunities to get to know each other.
The operator’s description documents the model, not independent evidence of reduced loneliness.
Read the source Context and reading scope Original title: Age UK Telephone Friendship Service
People aged 60+; a weekly conversation at an agreed time.
Operator’s website or programme description reviewed.
Checked: 2026-09-27
Related materials: The Silver Line Helpline
ALONE
ALONE combines visits and conversation with coordination of practical support. Its model addresses relationships alongside older adults’ other needs.
The operator’s description documents the model, not independent evidence of reduced loneliness.
Read the source Context and reading scope Original title: ALONE Support & Befriending
Home and telephone support within a wider service system; eligibility is set by the operator.
Operator’s website or programme description reviewed.
Checked: 2026-09-27
Fundación Amanoz
This Chilean foundation describes programmes providing companionship and addressing loneliness among older adults. It offers an example of volunteer-supported relationships.
The operator’s description documents the model, not independent evidence of reduced loneliness.
Read the source Context and reading scope Original title: Programas de acompañamiento Amanoz
Operator’s programme directory; it does not establish available places at a particular time.
Operator’s website or programme description reviewed.
Checked: 2026-09-27
SENAMA
The programme combines individual and group support with building local connections. It serves older people experiencing social vulnerability.
The operator’s description documents the model, not independent evidence of reduced loneliness.
Read the source Context and reading scope Original title: Programa Vínculos
People aged 65+ in a designated support system; registry-based eligibility rather than open enrolment.
Operator’s website or programme description reviewed.
Checked: 2026-09-27
Finnish Association for the Welfare of Older Adults
Closed groups of older adults meet with trained facilitators. A further goal is to continue meeting independently after the programme.
The operator’s description documents the model, not independent evidence of reduced loneliness.
Read the source Context and reading scope Original title: Circle of Friends — Ystäväpiiri
Model: 12 meetings over 3 months; the website lists separately published studies.
Operator’s website or programme description reviewed.
Checked: 2026-09-27
DOROT
DOROT connects older adults with volunteers. Regular home visits create opportunities for conversation and friendship.
The operator’s description documents the model, not independent evidence of reduced loneliness.
Read the source Context and reading scope Original title: DOROT Friendly Visiting
Friendly Visiting: weekly or monthly visits, as described by the operator.
Operator’s website or programme description reviewed.
Checked: 2026-09-27
GoodGym
Participants combine running, walking or cycling with helping local organisations and older people. A shared task provides an opportunity for connection.
The operator’s description documents the model, not independent evidence of reduced loneliness.
Read the source Context and reading scope Original title: GoodGym
Volunteering, community tasks and gatherings; not a loneliness therapy programme.
Operator’s website or programme description reviewed.
Checked: 2026-09-27
Fundación Grandes Amigos
The foundation offers in-person and telephone companionship, gatherings and neighbourhood networks. Older adults’ relationships are central to its work.
The operator’s description documents the model, not independent evidence of reduced loneliness.
Read the source Context and reading scope Original title: Grandes Amigos
Volunteering and social activities; operator impact claims require separate assessment.
Operator’s website or programme description reviewed.
Checked: 2026-09-27
Les Petits Frères
The organisation tailors visits, conversation and shared events to older adults’ needs. It emphasises sustained companionship, including important occasions throughout the year.
The operator’s description documents the model, not independent evidence of reduced loneliness.
Read the source Context and reading scope Original title: Les Petits Frères — accompagnement
Isolated people aged 75+ in Quebec; multiple forms of companionship.
Operator’s website or programme description reviewed.
Checked: 2026-09-27
Australian Men’s Shed Association
Local workshops give men opportunities to work together, talk and help their community. Participation can begin with a simple conversation over tea.
The operator’s description documents the model, not independent evidence of reduced loneliness.
Read the source Context and reading scope Original title: Men’s Sheds
Community model; format and access depend on the individual shed.
Operator’s website or programme description reviewed.
Checked: 2026-09-27
Association MONALISA
The network brings volunteers, organisations and local authorities together around older adults’ isolation. Activities take place close to where people live.
The operator’s description documents the model, not independent evidence of reduced loneliness.
Read the source Context and reading scope Original title: MONALISA
Citizen teams and local cooperation; a national network of varied activities.
Operator’s website or programme description reviewed.
Checked: 2026-09-27
Stowarzyszenie mali bracia Ubogich
Volunteers regularly visit older people experiencing loneliness. The programme also includes intergenerational gatherings and shared activities.
The operator’s description documents the model, not independent evidence of reduced loneliness.
Read the source Context and reading scope Original title: Program „Obecność”
Companionship volunteering in Polish cities; attendance is not a measure of effectiveness.
Operator’s website or programme description reviewed.
Checked: 2026-09-27
Re-engage
Volunteers organise small recurring gatherings for older people. The model addresses barriers to going out and shrinking social circles.
The operator’s description documents the model, not independent evidence of reduced loneliness.
Read the source Context and reading scope Original title: Re-engage Tea Parties
Free monthly gatherings; organiser description, without an outcomes audit.
Operator’s website or programme description reviewed.
Checked: 2026-09-27
NHS England
A link worker helps people access local activities and services responding to social needs. Support can address loneliness alongside practical difficulties.
The operator’s description documents the model, not independent evidence of reduced loneliness.
Read the source Context and reading scope Original title: Social prescribing link workers
A professional role linking care and community; not a single standardised intervention.
Operator’s website or programme description reviewed.
Checked: 2026-09-27
The Chatty Café Scheme CIC
A designated table signals that people can sit down and chat with others. Volunteers can help host gatherings and invite local residents.
The operator’s description documents the model, not independent evidence of reduced loneliness.
Read the source Context and reading scope Original title: The Chatty Café Scheme — Chatter & Natter
Model used in cafés and other venues; organisational description without measurement of lasting relationships.
Operator’s website or programme description reviewed.
Checked: 2026-09-27
Age UK / The Silver Line
The telephone service offers older adults conversation and support. It is distinct from recurring matched calls in the Telephone Friendship Service.
The operator’s description documents the model, not independent evidence of reduced loneliness.
Read the source Context and reading scope Original title: The Silver Line Helpline
The operator describes a 24-hour service for people aged 55+; this entry describes the programme model.
Operator’s website or programme description reviewed.
Checked: 2026-09-27
Related materials: Age UK Telephone Friendship Service
Ventilen Danmark
Young volunteers create meeting spaces for peers experiencing loneliness. The model emphasises support and a safe way to join a group.
The operator’s description documents the model, not independent evidence of reduced loneliness.
Read the source Context and reading scope How materials are selected
Reading the library Loneliness is a felt lack of satisfying relationships. Social isolation concerns limited contact and support networks. Living alone is not the same as feeling lonely.
This is a growing editorial catalogue, not an exhaustive review of world literature. A programme description does not establish its effectiveness. External research findings are not KinoLemon results.
The first edition covers six regions and global sources. Europe and older adults predominate; African programmes and evidence about other groups need further coverage.
We consult research publications, report authors and programme operators. Each entry states its reading scope and check date; publication year may differ from the data period. New resources and updates receive editorial review. The catalogue also includes older work that remains useful.
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